Organic linking groups

Separating and joining the hydrophobic/oleophobic tail and the hydrophilic group of the fluorinated surfactant is the critical organic linking group, often called the spacer [2-6]. Perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) surfactants such as perfluoroalkyl... 

Figure 120 The general design of a homobifunctional cross-linking agent. The two reactive groups are identical and typically are located at the ends of an organic spacer group. The length of the spacer may be designed to accommodate the distance between two molecules to be conjugated.

A number of organic side groups have been utilized as spacer units to link transition metals to a polyphosphazene chain. Some of the spacer units are depicted in structures 3.59-3.61. 

---