Optical Mineralogy

(1967) An Introduction to the Methods of Optical Crystallography. Holt, Rinehart and Wintson, New York. 

(1999) Optical Crystallography, Mineralogical Society of America Monographs, vol. 5, Washington DC. 

Bordet, P. (1968) Precis d optique cristalline appliqu it I identification des mineraux. Masson Cie, Paris. 

Ehlers, E.G. (1987) Optical Mineralogy, Vol. 1 2. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Palo Alto, CA. 

Freund, H. (ed.) (1966) Applied Ore Microscopy Theory and Techniques. Macmillan, New York. 

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Winchell A. N. (1933). Elements of Optical Mineralogy. New York John Wiley. 

Elements of Optical Mineralogy. Part III, Determinative Tables. 

Kerr, P.F., "Optical Mineralogy", 3rd edition, pages 418 and 319. McGraw Hill Book Co. New York, 1959. 

JJ Rogers and Kerr, Optical Mineralogy, McGraw Hill. New York. 

The amount and quality of information in these studies varies greatly and only a few of the more recent papers applied a combination of several different methods to decipher the origin of saddle dolomite. We scanned published work for the following information on saddle dolomite occurrences optical mineralogy, cathodoluminescence (CL) characteristics, elemental composition, carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopic compositions, and fluid inclusion analysis. In the following sections we shall address these types of data in detail. 

W.D. Nesse, Introduction to Optical Mineralogy, Oxford University Press, New York, 1986. 

Phillips WR, Griffen DT (1981) Optical Mineralogy The Nonopaque Minerals. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco... 

Phillips, W. R. D. T. Griffen, 1981. Optical Mineralogy—The Nonopaque Minerals. W. A, Ereeman... 

Optical mineralogy The branch of geoscience dealing with the optical properties of minerals. 

Phillips, W.R., and D.T. Griffin. 1981. Optical mineralogy the non-opaque minerals. San Francisco, Calif. W.H. Freeman Co. 

Use of a mechanical X-Y stage, which allows measured movements of the slide in mutually perpendicular directions, enables one to relocate the same particle examined previously, but now in a different RI liquid. Repeated examination with different liquids finally identifies one or more of the refractive indices of the particle. For most minerals, additional optical properties (such as color, pleochroism, twinning, cleavage, fracture, and so on) will be helpful in making the mineral identification. With these data, the tables of optical properties given in many standard optical mineralogy texts may be consulted, especially those in Fleischer, Wilcox, and Matzko (1984) and Winchell and Winchell (1964), who emphasize identification by particle methods instead of thin-section techniques. 

Mineral characteristics in transmitted and reflected light are clearly described in standard optical mineralogy texts (Heinrich, 1965 Kerr, 1977). The optical properties of almost all known minerals, with a concise description of optical theory and technique, are given by Fleischer, Wilcox, and Matzko (1984) who emphasize particle-mount analysis. 

Becke test n. The method for determining refractive index of a transparent particle by noting the direction in which the Becke line moves. The halo (Becke lines) will always move to the higher refractive index medium as the focus is raised. The halo crosses the boundary into the lower refractive index medium when the microscope is focused down. The particle must be illuminated with a narrow cone of axial light obtained by closing the aperture diaphragm of the condenser to a small aperture. Nesse WD (2003) Introduction to optical mineralogy. Oxford University Press, New York. 

Gribble, C.D. Hall, A.J. (1993) optical Mineralogy Principles and Practice. Chapman Hall, New York. 

WiNCHELL, A.N. WiNCHELL, N.H. (1959) Elements of Optical Mineralogy an introduction to microscopic petrography, 4th ed. John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, and Chapman Hall, Ltd. London. 

FIGURE 2.54 Geometrical phenomenon of birefringence optical axes (O.A.) are in the direction of the 1-5 arrows after (Optical Mineralogy, 2003,2013). 

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