On Bulk Catalysts

The character of the exchange reaction of most hydrocarbons is similar on films and on bulk catalysts of the same metal. 

In heterogeneous catalysis, the first tests on UPD were performed on bulk catalysts which allows, for the preparation of the bimetallic catalyst, easy control of the electrochemical potential by an external device (potentiostat). In the same way all electrochemical techniques, particularly the control of catalyst potential required for submonolayer deposition, can be extrapolated to metallic catalysts supported on conductive materials such as carbon or carbides [8]. 

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