Olivine natural occurrences

There have been tremendous strides made recently towards understanding how volatiles in general and water in particular is transported and stored in the mantle. This progress is based on research on a number of fronts studies of mantle-derived samples have provided insight into the nature and occurrence of hydrous phases such as amphibole, mica, and chlorite, and have provided constraints on the capacity of nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) such as olivine, pyroxenes, and garnet to contain water by a variety of substimtion mechanisms. Experimental studies on mantle-derived magmas have provided constraints on volatile contents in their source regions. Other studies have constrained the pressure, temperature, and composition conditions over which hydrous phases are stable in the mantle. 

KhisinaN. R., Wirth R., Andrut M., and Ukhanov A. V. (2001) Extrinsic and intrinsic mode of hydrogen occurrence in natural olivines FTIR and TEM investigation. Phys. Chem. Mineral. 28, 291-301. 

Scarsi P (2000) Fractional extraction of helium by crashing of olivine and chnopyroxene phenocrysts effects on the He/ He measured ratio. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 64 3751-3762 Scarsi P, Craig H (1996) Helium isotope ratios in Ethiopian Rift basalts. Earth Planet SciLett 144 505-516 Schiano P, Clocchiatti R (1994) Worldwide occurrence of silica-rich melts trapped in sub-continental and sub-oceanic mantle minerals. Nature 368 621-624... 

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