Toluene acylation octanoic acid

In a series of valuable studies, the activity of various cation-exchanged Y zeolites in the acylation of toluene and xylenes with aliphatic carboxylic acids was investigated In a model reaction between toluene and octanoic acid, the activity of rare earth-, transition metal-, and alkaline earth-cation-exchanged Y zeolites was considered. CeY zeolite exhibits the highest activity (3 yield = 75%) in the para-acylation (Scheme 4.3) in agreement with the results published in an early study qj., contrary, unmodified Y zeolite shows a lower activity (3 yield < 40%), and transition metal and alkaline-earth-exchanged Y are nearly inactive. 

Figure 4.2 Dependence of the degree of sodium ion exchanged by cerium ion on the activity of Y zeolite in the acylation of toluene by octanoic acid at 200°C.

Gauthier et al. (1989) studied the activity of various cation-exchanged Y-type zeolites in the acylation of toluene with octanoic acid, obtaining selectivities to the para isomer of 94% at 75% yield of acylated product. The most efficient catalysts were rare-earth-exchanged zeolites (70% exchange), the following order of activity being observed Cr3+, Zr4+ < M2+, Cu2+, Co2+ <11 < Pr3+, La3+, Gd3+, Yb3+, Ce3+. 

Some synthetic results merit underlining, such as the high-yield and para-selectivity values observed in the acylation of toluene with octanoic, dodecanoic, and palmitic acids that reach values of 75% yield with 94% para-selectivity, 96% yield with 94% para-selectivity, and 80% yield with 99% para-selectivity, respectivelyi ... 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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