Occupational Safety and Health organization

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), Organic solvent neurotoxicity. Current InteUigence BuUetinNo. 48, Cincinnati, 1987. 

Maintaining liaison with national, state, and local occupational safety and health organizations and taking an active role in the activities of such groups... 

Sheila Pantry BA, ALA, is a qualified librarian with many years experience in library and information work. A varied career in iron and steel, engineering, research and the coal industry culminated in 1977 at the Health and Safety Executive, where she is Head of Library and Information Services. Author of many papers and a well-known speaker, Sheila Pantry has become a leading authority in the UK on the wide-ranging information associated with health and safety at work. She has also carried out consultancy work for Occupational Safety and Health organizations in Canada, Australia (Canberra), Jordan and Dublin, and is a computer addict. 

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) covers a broad range of issues relating to worker health and safety, many of which impact the power generation industry (16,17). The Act sets standards designed to protect worker health and safety, particularly in industrial settings. The Occupational Health and Safety Administration, organized under the U.S. Department of Labor, implements and enforces OSHA standards and periodically updates poHcies governing worker health and safety. 

Occupational Health Guidelinesfor Organic Tin Compounds as Tin), U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, D.C., 1978. 

Exposure Limits. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1990 Hsts a multitude of acetates, phthalates, formates, and acrylates along with the corresponding permissible exposure limits and threshold limit values (76). The PEL data is Hsted in Table 2. If there is potential for exposure to an organic ester for which PEL or TLV data has been identified, then an exposure limit lower than that Hsted is usually selected for working in that environment. 

Trade association of manufacturers of organic chemicals that represents the interests of its members before the public and government agencies, including matters concerning hazardous waste, occupational safety and health, toxic substances control, safe drinking watery and concerns regarding specific chemicals its members handle. 

Professional society of persons conducting research in occupational safety and health or responsible for implementing industrial hygiene programs in governmental and industrial organizations. Establishes exposure limits for toxic chemicals used in the workplace. 

An exhaustive source of environmental health and occupational safety information MSDSs links to other MSDS sites links to safety sites on the Internet links to occupational safety and health and environmental organizations and research programs OSHA and ERA regulations NIOSH databases discussion boards and much more. 

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) was enacted by Congress in 1970 and established tlie Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which addressed safety in tlie workplace. At tlie same time tlie USEPA was created. Both USEPA and OSHA are mandated to reduce tlie exposure of Itazardous substances over Umd, sea, and air. Tlie OSH Act is limited to conditions that exist in the workplace, where its jurisdiction covers both safety and health. Frequently, both agencies regulate tlie same substances but in a different manner as they are overlapping environmental organizations. 

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the analytical methods that are available for detecting, measuring, and/or monitoring methyl parathion, its metabolites, and other biomarkers of exposure and effect to methyl parathion. The intent is not to provide an exhaustive list of analytical methods. Rather, the intention is to identify well-established methods that are used as the standard methods of analysis. Many of the analytical methods used for environmental samples are the methods approved by federal agencies and organizations such as EPA and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Other methods presented in this chapter are those that are approved by groups such as the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and the American Public Health Association (APHA). Additionally, analytical methods are included that modify previously used methods to obtain lower detection limits and/or to improve accuracy and precision. 

EL = emissions level ERA = Environmental Protection Agency HSDB = Hazardous Substances Data Bank lARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer IRIS = Integrated Risk Information System NIOSH = National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health OEL = occupational exposure limit OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL = permissible exposure limit RAC = reference air concentration REL = recommended exposure limit RCRA = Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RfD = reference dose TLV = threshold limit value TWA = time-weighted average WHO = World Health Organization... 

Recommendations provide valuable guidelines to protect public health but cannot be enforced by law. Federal organizations that develop recommendations for toxic substances include the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 

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