Nucleophilic substitution cumyl derivatives

Some chemical additives can induce ion-radical formation and direct the reaction along the ion-radical route. The effect was discovered and studied in cases of nucleophilic substitutions of cumene derivatives (Kornblum 1975, 1982). Cumyl radicals are formed at the first step of substitution irrespective of whether a dissociative or homolytic cleavage takes place as a result of electron transfer to the cumene derivatives (Zheng et al. 1999). 

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