Nucleophilic a-Substitution of Carbonyl Derivatives via Non-PTC

A similar a-hydroxylation of 2-ethyltetralone was also performed by Dehmlow and coworkers [53]. 

Together with cinchona-PTC-mediated a-alkylations, the asymmetric nucleophilic a-substitution of carbonyl derivatives by using cinchona alkaloids as organocatalysts in nonbiphasic homogeneous conditions also have been extensively studied (e.g., arylation, hydroxylation, amination, hydroxyamination, and sulfenylation). 

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