Nuclear quadrupole moment deuteron

In case of a deuterated sample (spin 1 case), the spectra are usually dominated by the quadrupolar interaction, that is, the coupling of the nuclear quadrupole moment with the electric field gradient of the C-2H bond. For deuterons in C-2H bonds this can lead to a splitting of about 250 kHz. As in the case of dipolar interaction, a Pake spectrum is obtained for a powder sample. The z-principal axis of the quadrupolar interaction is oriented along the bond axis which makes deuteron NMR particularly useful for studies of segmental orientations and molecular dynamics (reorientation) [1],... 

Deuterium has a nuclear spin of unity (/ = 1) and a small nuclear quadrupole moment, Q = 2.7965 X 10"27 cm2.35 In compounds containing deuterium, the molecular environment of the deuterium nucleus usually has a symmetry less than Tdeuteron quadrupole coupling constant is non-zero. However, its value is quite small because both the nuclear quadrupole moment and the electric field gradient have small values. The reported values of e2qQ/h for deuterium are always less than 400 kHz. 

Another method to characterize orientation is deuterium NMR (Dupres et al., 2009 Ekanayake et al., 2000 Valic et al., 2003). Deuterons have a spin quantum number equal to 1, and therefore a nuclear quadrupole moment. Coupling between the quadrupole moment and the two possible NMR transitions... 

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), in particular, deuterium NMR, has proven to be a valuable technique for determining the nature of molecular organization in liquid crystals. The utility of the NMR technique derives from the fact that the relevant NMR interactions are entirely intramolecular, i.e. the dominant interaction is that between the nuclear quadrupole moment of the deuteron and the local electric-field gradient (EFG) at the deuterium nucleus. The EFG tensor is a traceless, axially symmetric, second-rank tensor with its principal component along the C—D bond. In a nematic fluid rapid anisotropic reorientation incompletely averages the quadrupolar interaction tensor q, resulting in a nonzero projection similar to the result in Eq. (5.6) ... 

New Nuclear Forces Required The Discovery of the Quadrupole Moment of the Deuteron... 

In 1966, Hans Bethe of Cornell University, perhaps the most influential nuclear physicist of the twentieth century, identified three important events that occurred in nuclear physics between 1935 and 1948. First, he identified the detailed description of nuclear forces second, the use of the Yukawa potential and third, and this is perhaps even more important—the quadrupole moment of the deuteron was discovered. " ... 

Properties of the deuteron, the simplest bound-state nuclear system (binding energy, spin, parity, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments, size of the nucleus). 

Let us apply the Redfield theory to a deuteron with its quadrupole moment experiencing a fluctuating electric field gradient arising from anisotropic molecular motions in liquids. When the static average of quadrupole interaction is nonzero, i.e. 0, it can be included in the static Hamiltonian Hq. The density operator matrix for a deuteron spin is of the dimension 3x3 and the corresponding Redfield relaxation supermatrix has the dimension V- x 3. When only nuclear spin-lattice relaxation is considered, the spin precession term in Equation [22] is set to zero and the diagonal elements 2, 3)... 

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