Nontreatment remedies

Nontreatment remedies that address oxygenates include excavation, free product recovery, MNA, and ICs. Nontreatment remedies may be appropriate for use either alone or in conjunction with one or more of the other remedies discussed in this chapter. 

The purification ofTNT during its manufacture produces a wastewater known as red water . Red water contains a variety of nitro-substituted toluene isomers as well as their sulfonated derivatives. Hao et al. (1993) used wet air oxidation (WAO) at temperatures up to 340 °C to remove much of the total organic carbon. WAO-treated red water was tested against nontreated red water for the toxicity to Nitrosomonas and activated sludge cultures. Despite some lingering effects, a significant decrease in toxicity was observed, raising the possibility that the abiotic WAO pretreatment may be a viable process for further remediation of red water. 

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