Nonsteroidal progestins

The discovery of nonsteroidal compounds with progestogenic activity, which at first sight have structurally nothing in common with the steroids, initiated new activities in the field of progestins with the aim to find new compounds with marked differences in their pharmacological profile. 

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In this chapter the biological function of PR, its structural properties and therapeutic indications for progestins will be described. Since steroidal progestins have now been in clinical use for several decades, the focus of this chapter will be more on the current developments, particularly in the area of nonsteroidal progestins mainly with a medicinal chemistry perspective. 

NNA (see 4-(A-Nitrosomethylamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-l-butanal) NNK (iee 4-(A-Nitrosomethylamino)-l-(3-pyridyl)-l-butanone) Nonsteroidal oestrogens (see also Oestrogens, progestins and... 

Oestrogens, nonsteroidal (see Nonsteroidal oestrogens) Oestrogens, progestins and combinations... 

Penning, T. M., Sharp, R. B., and Krieger, N. R. (1985). Purification and properties of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from rat brain cytosol. Inhibition by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and progestins. J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15266—15272. 

Although the granulosa cell is subject to different varieties of signaling systems, FSH is the most important hormone for its differentiation. Specifically, FSH stimulates the granulosa cells to secrete estrogens and progestins, as well as various nonsteroidal substances [43]. The induction of various hormone receptors in the granulosa cell is also FSH dependent. 

Drug-induced photosensitivity reactions are divided into phototoxicity (a nonimmunologic reaction) and photoallergic reactions (an immunologic reaction). The latter form is far less common. Medications associated with photosensitivity reactions include fluoroquinolones, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, phenothiazines, antihistamines, estrogens, progestins, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazide diuretics, and tricyclic antidepressants. 

Nonsteroidal estrogens (bisphenol A, diethylstilbestrol, DDT, genistein) Progestins Other mechanisms ... 

All medical therapies (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral contraceptives, progestins, danazol, or gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonists) are equally efficacious in treating endometriosis-related pain based on available evidence. Choice among agents is determined primarily by side-effect profile, cost, and individual patient response. 

Progesterone Receptor Overview of Modern Steroidal Progestins and Developments in the Field of Nonsteroidal Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulators... 

Klaus Schollkopf and Norbert Schmees give an overview of the biology of the progesterone receptor and of the development of research in the field of steroidal progestins and recent trends in discovery of nonsteroidal selective progesterone receptor modulators. 

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