Nonadiabatic Operation Evaporative Cooling

Since the variation in is small, for all practical purposes m can be taken as constant, 

If is the outside surface of all the lubes, A x is the area from the bottom to the level where the bulk-water temperature is Here x is the fraction of the heat-transfer surface to that level. For a differential portion of the exchanger, the heat loss by the tube-side fluid is 

These expressions permit the design of the evaporative cooler provided values of the various transfer coefficients are available. The available data [24] are meager despite the widespread use of these devices. 

For hy use standard correlation for sensible-heat changes or vapor condensation [13] for flow inside tubes. 

For other tube diameters, since the general relationship is expected to be 

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Evaporative cooling—when drying a solid with free or bound moisture, the effect of a phase change from the liquid state to the vapor state removes energy from the liquid-solid mass. This results in a reduction of temperature in a nonadiabatic operation, whereas in an... 

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