Non-Membrane Cellular Phospholipids

Some phospholipids are present in the cell after ranoval of the membrane, moreover these phospholipids may form ordered structnres inside the cell nucleus. It is known that DNA, when dispersed in liquid crystalline phospholipid phases, is actively transcribed. Recent evidence suggests that phospholipids play a part in DNA functions [17-19]. 

FIGURE 11.8 Artificial ion channels. (a,b)Calixarene rings with attached phosphate groups and long hydrocarbon chains (c) such spacer molecules forming a tailored ion channel in a biomembrane. 

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