Nitroglycerine Nitro-Group

Nitrogen tribromide, 4 319 Nitrogen trifluoride, 22 830 production of, 22 845 Nitroglycerin[e] (NG), 9 47, 48 10 730 molecular formula and structure, 5 110t pharmacokinetics, 5 115 processes, 27 164 production of, 27 174 Nitro group, 27 157-158 Nitroguanidine, 20 734 Nitrol, molecular formula and structure, 5 1 lOt... 

Theoretical calculation based on the equation of nitration shows that when 100 parts of glycerine are added to 205.4 parts of HN03 the yield is 246.7 parts of nitroglycerine. At the same time 58.7 parts of water are formed. In practice this yield cannot be obtained because the nitration of glycerine, like every esterification reaction, is in principle a reversible one. The yield is partly defined by the number of O-nitro groups introduced into the molecule of glycerol. 

As shown by Hackel [144] glycerine trinitrate (nitroglycerine) does not form addition compounds with any of the aromatic nitro derivatives (mono-, di- or tri-nitro compounds). This is probably due to the inadequate number of nitro groups in nitroglycerine. 

The compound is soluble in water, sparingly soluble in common organic solvents, but is soluble in nitroglycerine. Its stability is satisfactory, but one of the five N02-groups in the molecule is a nitrate rather than a nitro group, so that the compound cannot be as stable as e.g., TNT. 

Nevertheless the shoulder can also be partly produced by the fact that the nitroglycerine molecule contains both the primary groups and the secondary 0-nitro group. This refers also to all nitrate esters with longer chains, such as esters of erytritol and hexitols (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol), but not in esters of ethylene... 

Nitrogen trioxidc ( /88.109.110) Nitroglycerine see glycerol trinitrate /V-Nitrt Iycioc 360 Nitro group... 

PoI ut>grapli) can he used as an analytical method of quanti ative detennm-aiion of O-nitro groups. U was applied to simple esters 34) and to nitroglycerine [351. 

Nitrates, nitro and nitroso compounds may be explosive, especially if more than one nitro group is present. Alcohols and polyols can form highly explosive nitrate esters (e.g., nitroglycerine) from reaction with nitric acid. 

When Nobel became ill with heart disease, his physicians advised him to take nitroglycerin to relieve his chest pains. He refused, saying he could not understand how the explosive could relieve chest pains. It took science more than 100 years to find the answer. We now know that it is nitric oxide, NO, derived from the nitro groups of nitroglycerin, that relieves the pain. 

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