Nitrogen-linked aryl groups

Isocyanates are derivatives of isocyanic acid, HN=C=0, ia which alkyl or aryl groups, as weU as a host of other substrates, are direcdy linked to the NCO moiety via the nitrogen atom. StmcturaHy, isocyanates (imides of carbonic acid) are isomeric to cyanates, ROCMSI (nitriles of carbonic acid), and nitrile oxides, RCMSI—>0 (derivatives of carboxyUc acid). 

Amines are made up of an sp1 hybridised nitrogen linked to three substituents by three aryl groups, but at least one of the substituents must be an alkyl or aryl group. If only one such group is present, the amine is known as primary. If two groups are present, the amine is secondary. 

Unsubstituted (3-lactams have instead been obtained, by the same authors, through indium-mediated reaction of imines with alkyl bromoacetates [52]. (3-Lactams having a wide range of substituents linked to the nitrogen atom, such as aryl, aryl alkyl, or allyl groups, could be prepared by this pathway. 

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