Nicotine health hazards

Rickert, W. S., Robinson, J. C., and J. C. Young. 1980. Estimating the hazards of less hazardous cigarettes I. Tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, acrolein, hydrogen cyanide, and total aldehyde deliveries of Canadian cigarettes. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 6(2) 351-65. 

Incentives for behavior change include nicotine-replacement therapy, insurance premium discounts for healthy behaviors, and creating awareness for vaccinations. Incentives need to be designed to counteract the moral hazard effect by discouraging unnecessary or inappropriate use of health services. 

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