Nickel-catalyzed olefination

To be applied industrially, performances must be superior to those of existing catalytic systems (activity, regioselectivity, and recyclability). The use of ionic liquid biphasic technology for nickel-catalyzed olefin dimerization proved to be successful. 

Selectivity Control in Nickel-Catalyzed Olefin Oligomerization... 

Two-phase systems in which an insoluble organic substrate is reacted with a catalyst dissolved in an ionic liquid show promise for commercial use (Chauvin and Helene, 1995 Freemantle, 1998). One such system is a nickel-catalyzed olefin dimerization. The dimers are produced selectively and decanted from the ionic liquid. The catalyst/ ionic liquid phase is recycled without loss of activity. Other reactions investigated include ... 

Whereas many nickel-catalyzed olefin hydrocyanation reactions may be run in the batch mode (i.e., all reagents charged to the vessel at the beginning of reaction), it is often preferable to feed one or more components in a... 

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