Symporters neurotransmitter

The recovery of neurotransmitters from synaptic clefts and their storage in cytoplasmic vesicles is accomplished by the tandem actions of the secondary transporters in plasma and vesicular membranes. Sodium-dependent symporters mediate neurotransmitter reuptake from synaptic clefts into neurons and glia, whereas proton-dependent antiporters concentrate neurotransmitters from neuronal cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles (Fig. 5-13). 

Fig. 1). These monoamine transporters belong to the SLC6 gene family of Na -Cl"-coupled neurotransmitter transporters that is also referred to as the neurotransmitter sodium symporter (NSS) family (Chen et al., 2004). In addition to the monoamine transporters, the NSS family includes subfamilies of transporters for GABA, amino acids, creatine, and the osmolytes betaine and taurine (Chen et al., 2004). 

Neurotransmitter/Na+ symporter family Serotonin/Na+ symporter Paroxetine (inhibitor)... 

With the exception of acetylcholine, all the neurotransmitters shown in Figure 7-41 are removed from the synaptic cleft by transport into the axon terminals that released them. Thus these transmitters are recycled Intact, as depicted in Figure 7-42 (step 5]). Transporters for GABA, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin were the first to be cloned and studied. These four transport proteins are all Na -linked symporters. They are 60-70 percent Identical In their amino acid sequences, and each is thought to contain 12 transmembrane a helices. As with other Na symporters, the movement of Na into the cell down Its electrochemical gradient provides the energy for uptake of the neurotransmlt-ter. To maintain electroneutrality, CM often Is transported via an ion channel along with the Na and neurotransmitter. 

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