Network connectivity relationship between

Hunt et al. have used ab initio methods to study ion pairs in l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (Bmim) ILs. The anions were Cl, BF4 , and NTf2". The authors established relationships between ion-pair association energy and a derived parameter called the connectivity index . Overall, the results suggest that Bmim-Cl forms a strongly connected and quite highly structured network, which leads to the rather high viscosity observed experimentally. In contrast, Bmim-NTf2 only forms a rather weak network, where the connectivity and the viscosity are much lower [106],... 

The response of unvulcanized black-filled polymers (in the rubbery zone) to oscillating shear strains (151) is characterized by a strong dependence of the dynamic storage modulus, G, on the strain amplitude or the strain work (product of stress and strain amplitudes). The same behavior is observed in cross-linked rubbers and will be discussed in more detail in connection with the dynamic response of filled networks. It is clearly established that the manyfold drop of G, which occurs between double strain amplitudes of ca. 0.001 and 0.5, is due to the breakdown of secondary (Van der Waals) filler aggregation. In fact, as Payne (102) has shown, in the limit of low strain amplitudes a storage modulus of the order of 10 dynes/cm2 is obtained with concentrated (30 parts by volume and higher) carbon black dispersions made up from low molecular liquids or polymers alike. Carbon black pastes from low molecular liquids also show a very similar functional relationship between G and the strain amplitude. At lower black concentrations the contribution due to secondary aggregation becomes much smaller and, in polymers, it is always sensitive to the state of filler dispersion. 

Percolation models are typically based on a network of bonds and sites, which can be thought of as pore necks and pore bodies, respectively. The relationship between percolation models and network models is discussed by Berkowitz and Ewing (1998). In general, percolation models are simply less well connected than network models and the focus of percolation model studies is on transport processes near the percolation threshold. 

Consideration of molecular chemical substances and coherent networks of chemical reactions in open systems does not raise the subtle problems that seem to be specific to quantum mechanics. But examining those chemical systems does suggest that fuller philosophical attention to the critical importance of the closure of relationships between components of compound individuals (i.e., ftdler appreciation of the discovery of group theory that Galois made two centuries ago) seems likely to help resolve some current philosophic problems, specifically those connected with emergence. 

Relationship between Network Connectivity and Discovery of Small-molecule Probes... 

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