Near wall vortex generator

Figure 1 is a sketch of the cyclone reactor. The liquid is fed tangentially into it (A). A gas mixture of SO3 and N2 is introduced into the reactor via a porous section of the cylindrical wall. The liquid phase is the continuous phase in the reactor, except near the cyclone-axis. Here, a gaseous core is found, due to a strong centripetal field, generated by the rotating liquid. This field causes gas bubbles to spiral from the wall to the cyclone-axis. Gas leaves the reactor via the upper outlet which is known as the vortex. Liquid leaves the reactor via the bottom outlet which... 

The rotary motion generates centrifugal forces toward the outside of the cone, driving the heavy solids to the outer perimeter of the cone. Once the particles are near the wall, gravity draws them downward to be rejected at the apex of the cone. The resulting heavy slurry is then removed as "imderflow." The clear water near the center of the vortical motion is removed through an insert at the center-line of the hydrocyclone, called a "vortex finder," and passes out as "overflow" through the top of the cone. 

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