Nanostructured wide bandgap materials

Nanostructured wide bandgap materials functionalized with Pd or Pt are even more sensitive than their thin film counterparts because of the large surface-to-volume ratio (Lim et al, 2008 Johnson et al, 2009). 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Si nanowires, 

The 1-D structure has a large surface-to-volume ratio, which means that a significant fraction of the atoms can participate in surface reactions. 

The Debye length ( d) for 1-D nanomaterials is comparable to their radius over a wide temperature and doping range, which promotes greater sensitivity than is found in a 2-D thin film. 

A 1-D nanostructure is usually stoichiometrically better controlled than a 2-D thin film, and has a greater level of crystallinity than the 2-D thin-film. With 1-D structures, common defect problems in 2-D semiconductors could be easily solved. 

Further decreasing the diameter, the onset of quantum effects is expected to be seen. 

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