Nadic anhydride

Nadic anhydride was also used to terminate an amic acid oligomer prepared from the reaction of 3,3 , 4,4 -benzophenonetetra-carboxylic dianhydride and 3,3 -methylenedianiline where the 

Nadic anhydride introduces polar groups into the polymer. These polar groups promote adhesion. However, it has a greatly different polymerizability from that of a norbornene monomer having no polar group. Therefore, the copolymerization reaction does not sufficiently occur. Better results are obtained with tetracyclododecene instead of norbornene (3). 

NA=nadic anhydride BAPS=bisaminophenoxy phenylsulphone BDTE=benzene tetradicarboxylic diester TPA=terephthalic acid IPA=isophthalic acid BAPP=bisaminophenoxy phenyl 2-2 propane a An LC phase 

Dimethylamino)benzoic acid 3- 246-644-8 Methyl nadic anhydride 2489 

A 4 methyl yclohexene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride B methyl endomethylene-tetrahydrophthahc anhydride (Methyl Nadic Anhydride) 

Fig. 10.23 The chemistry of PMR-15. The first stage is imidisation of the reactants, nadic anhydride monomethyl ester (NE), methylene dianiline (MDA) and 3,3 ,4,4 -benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dimethyl ester (BTDE). The second stage is cross-linking of the norbomene end-caps.

S.F. Parker, K.P.J. Williams, D. Steele H. Herman (2003). Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 5,1508-1514. The vibrational spectra of norbomene and nadic anhydride. 

A number of special purpose resins are available which employ somewhat unusual acids and diluents. A resin of improved heat resistance is obtained by using Nadic anhydride, the Diels-Alder reaction product of cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride Figure 25.5). 

When cured with room temperature curing system these resins have similar thermal stability to ordinary bis-phenol A type epoxides. However, when they are cured with high-temperature hardeners such as methyl nadic anhydride both thermal degradation stability and heat deflection temperatures are considerably improved. Chemical resistance is also markedly improved. Perhaps the most serious limitation of these materials is their high viscosity. 

These drawbacks explain the development of a new concept introduced by a NASA team. According to this concept polymerization of monomeric reactants (PMR), a bisortho ester acid replaces the dianhydride and the monomethyl ester of the nadic acid is used instead of the nadic anhydride as shown in Fig. 5. These esters and the diamine are dissolved in methanol (or in a metha-nol/isopropanol mixture) in a molar ratio calculated to get the desired theoretical molecular weight [14]. These mixtures of reactants are currently used for the preparation of composites and adhesives [15a,b]. 

Moad also notes that the most common grafting modifications made to polyolefins are via maleic anhydride, maleate esters, styrene, maleimides, acrylates and their esters, and vinyl silanes. Other polymer systems (Fink, 2005) that undergo grafting are polystyrene/maleic anhydride (useful for PA6/PS blends), PVC/butylmethacrylate (for improved processi-bility), PET/nadic anhydride, starch/vinyl acetate and starch/methyl acrylate (for improved water resistance). 

JP 04220431 (Japanese) 1992 Tough polyimides and prepregs and fiber reinforced plastics Toray Industries, Japan M Eno, K Tobukuro Toughened fiber reinforced prepregs Polyimide-siloxanes prepared from BTDA and aminosiloxanes with nadic anhydride termination 

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