Multiple-reflection grazing spectroscopy

A modification of the simple grazing-angle experiment is the multiple reflection -absorption spectroscopy, which was first described by Gaines (Figure 6) (24). It has a unique value for the detection of order-disorder transformations in the structure of a... 

Very thin films (monolayer or multilayer) can be studied by IR spectroscopy, provided that the IR beam crosses a reasonably large fraction of the monolayer this can be done by (i) grazing-angle techniques (whereby the IR beam angles of incidence and reflection are of the order of 1° to 3°) or (ii) multiple internal reflections of the IRbeam inside the monolayer (infrared reflectance and absorbance spectroscopy (IRRAS). Fig. 11.19 shows the chemical structure of an analyte (Fullerene-fcz s-[ethylthio-tetrakis(3,4-dibutyT2-thiophene-5-ethenyl)-5-bromo-3,4-dibutyl-2-thiophene] malonate),... 

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