Multifunctional artificial reefs

By their nature, multifunctional artificial reefs are located in exposed locations with waves breaking over them. Consequently, they have to be robust stmctures with good durability and should not change significantly in shape (height) over time. Furthermore, when they are used for surfing and other recreational pursuits, they come into contact with humans and thus must provide a safe, injury-free environment. This has tended to prevent the use of rock and concrete materials for multifunctional artificial reefs. 

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