Multi-doped glass-ceramics

1 Co-doping with Two Different Types ofLn Ions 

Ge02 Pb0 Pbp2 glass-ceramics doped with Erp3, Ybp3 and Cep3 are another example of a 

Er -doped glass-ceramics are often studied for their potential apphcations as optical amplifiers at 1.5 pm., emission corresponding to the Ii3/2 — Iis/2 transition of Er. To increase the absorption cross-sections at 980 nm, these glass-ceramics are additionally doped with Ybp3. However, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, upconversion processes are very efficient in Er /Yb codoped glass-ceramics [73] and they compete with the 1.5 pm emission. Eor any application at 1.5 pm one should try to minimize upconversion. 

Dejneka, Transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics, MRS Bull. 23 57-62 (1998). 

Fujihara, C. Mochizuki, T. Kimura, Formation of LaFs microcrystals in sol-gel silica, J. Non Cryst. Solids 244, 267-274 (1999). 

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