Morphinan analogues

This is a synthetic route to apomorphine and morphinan analogues. 

Grewe (1946) introduced a vital alkylation reaction via a very specific stereo-selective (trans) synthesis followed by acid-catalyzed intramolecular, aromatic substitution, which caused the B/C-c/s CfD-trans ring fusions found to be common in either morphine or its natural congeners. This study has paved the way for an altogether new morphinan analogues known as benzomorphans . A few classical examples of this group of compoimds are listed below, viz., levorphanol tartrate dextromethorphan hydrobromide butorphanol tartrate ... 

Give the structure, chemical name and uses of any two important members of Morphinan Analogues. Discuss the synthesis of one of them. 

Synthetic Analogues ofThebaine Further Define Morphinan SAR... 

Synthetic Analogues of Thebaine Further Define Morphinan SAR 266... 

The vast majority of biosynthetic reactions are enzyme-catalyzed and, therefore, show considerable stereoselectivity and substrate specificity. In general, stereoselectivity is more important than substrate specificity, and many unnatural morphinan derivatives have been produced biosynthetically (Kirby et al. 1972, Brochmann-Hanssen and Okamoto 1980, Brochmann-Hanssen and Cheng 1982, 1984, Brochmann-Hanssen et al. 1982). The oxidative coupling of reticuline to salutaridine as well as the succeeding biotransformations are not very substrate specific. Several reticuline analogues have been converted to the corresponding morphine and codeine... 

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