Monosaccharides, hydrogenation

Mond process The purification of nickel by the formation and decomposition of nickel carbonyl, monomer A small molecule from which a polymer is formed. Examples CH2=CH2 for polyethylene NH2(CH2)6NH2 for nylon, monoprotic acid A Bronsted acid with one acidic hydrogen atom. Example CH COOI I. monosaccharide An individual unit from which carbohydrates are considered to be composed. Example C6H(206, glucose, multiple bond A double or triple bond between two atoms. 

Monosaccharides in which an alcoholic hydroxy group has been replaced by a hydrogen atom are called deoxy sugars (see 2-Carb-13). 

The group formed by detaching one hydrogen atom from each of two (or three) carbon atoms of a monosaccharide is named by replacing the terminal -e of the monosaccharide name by -diyl (or -triyl ), preceded by the appropriate locants. 

Carbohydrates are literally hydrates of carbon, containing only the elements carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. In the human diet, they are considered macronutrients, along with proteins and fats (triacylglycerols). The three types of carbohydrates are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. 

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