Molecules chirality

In most common chiral molecules, chirality arises from chiral tetravalent atoms. A conformation-independent chirality code (CICC) was developed that encodes the molecular chirality originating from a chiral tetravalent atom [42], For more generality, a conformation-dependent chirality code (CDCC) is used [43]. CDCC ti cats a molecule as a rigid set of points (atoms) linked by bonds, and it accounts for chirality generated by chirality centers, chirality axes, or chirality planes. 

Binaphthyl molecules (chiral 2,2/-dihydroxy-l,T-binaphthyl) have been studied by Hicks et al., who reported the first experimental observation of CD-SHG on surfaces.4,29,43 In this section, we investigate the nonlinear optical properties of a chiral 1,1-binaphthyl-based helical polymer. 

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