Molar entropies proton

The conventional thermodynamic standard state values of the Gibbs energy of formation and standard enthalpy of formation of elements in their standard states are A(G — 0 and ArH = 0. Conventional values of the standard molar Gibbs energy of formation and standard molar enthalpy of formation of the hydrated proton are ArC (H +, aq) = 0 and Ar// (H +, aq) = 0. In addition, the standard molar entropy of the hydrated proton is taken as zero 5 (H+, aq) = 0. This convention produces negative standard entropies for some ions. 

The Absolute Standard Molar Entropy of Hydration of the Proton... 

Finally, the molar entropy of proton species will be given by ... 

If water or some other compound with a simple molecular structure has been studied, it is possible to combine the entropy of vaporization, A5 = AHyl T, with the third-law calorimetric entropy of the liquid to obtain a thermodynamic value for the entropy of the vapor. The statistical mechanical value of Sg can be calculated using the known molar mass and the spectroscopic parameters for the rotation and vibration of the gas-phase molecule. A comparison of Sg (thermodynamic) with Sg (spectroscopic) provides a test of the validity of the third law of thermodynamics. The case of H2O is particularly interesting, since ice has a nonzero residual entropy at 0 K due to frozen-in disorder in the proton positions. ... 

BGt(M) = gas-phase basicity of species M at temperature T Cp = molar heat capacity at constant pressure k = reaction rate constant = equilibrium constant PAj(M) = proton affinity of species M at temperature T S (M) = absolute entropy of... 

Fig. 10 Enthalpic and entropic FH parameters for dPB/PB statistical copolymer blends in the limit of infinite molar volume as a function of the vinyl content of the deuterated and protonated chains. The enthalpic terms represented in terms of the van der Waals interaction energy and a polarization parameter for deuteration as depicted by the theoretical solid lines. The entropic terms are represented in terms of an expression for the non-combinatorial entropy from LCT calculations with a slightly smaller coordination number...

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