Mn VII Compounds

Some other oxidants on the list are both more expensive than H2O2 and environmentally undesirable, notably stoichiometric Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) compounds, whose use is now under great pressure. The case for r-butyl hydroperoxide is different as a pre-formed stoichiometric oxidant it is relatively expensive and has a low available oxygen content, but it is often produced captively in processes involving co-oxidation of isobutane and another organic substrate (especially propylene) by oxygen. In such processes, the by-product /-butanol is also used or sold, making the overall process economically and environmentally viable. 

Covalent compounds, arising from the attack of strong oxidizing systems, such as fluorine or Mn(VII), on graphite. The aromatic planarity of the graphite sheet is destroyed, and a buckled, sp -hybridized sheet is created. 

COVALENT COMPOUNDS, METAL IONS OXIDATION-REDUCTION 2. Oxidation by Cr(VI) and Mn(VII)... 

Due to the transitional position of manganese in the Periodic Table, its colored compounds occur in a wide variety of seven oxidation states from Mn(VII) to Mn(I), and the two formal oxidation states Mn(—I) and Mn(—III). Manganese ions with positive valences display characteristic colors, which may be different to that of the corresponding solid compounds (Reidies 2003). 

Substoichiometric extraction of an ion associate is sometimes preferable to that of internal complex compounds, although the latter form very stable compounds in many cases. The substoichiometric isolation of Mn(VII), Au(III), Ta(V), Re(VII), and other elements in the form of ion associates with tetraphenylarsonium (TPA) or quarternary aimnonium base (QAB) is undoubtedly the most expedient from tlw viewpoint of selectivity. 

Atom-transfer-type oxidation reactions can occur by electrophilic, nucleophilic, or radical pathways. Electrophilic mechanisms are prevalent with metal compounds in high-oxidation states. Common among these reagents are oxo complexes of Mn(VII), Cr(VI), V(V), as well as organic... 

The colors of a number of inorganic species arise from charge transfer. For example, the d-levels of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) are empty and their compounds ought to be colorless. However, charge transfer leads Cr04 and MnOT to be strongly colored. These transitions also cause the intense colors in blue sapphire and ultramarine. 

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