Mixed metallic insulating behavior

The term Ed, stands for charging contributions. This term is absent in spectra of samples exhibiting a finite density of states at the Eermi level. For all practical purposes this is correct for aU true metals and for many semiconductors with intrinsic states near zero binding energy. Many systems relevant in catalysis do, however, not fulfill this condition (all non-black samples, glasses, porous materials, supports) or even worse, are composites of metallic and non-metaUic systems, giving rise to mixed metalhc-insulating behavior of their surface under PES. Such... 

In mixed particle baths, the codeposition of Al was not affected by the presence of alumina whereas the codeposition of alumina was suppressed at lower ciurent densities so that the two lines shown in Fig. 2a for low and high current density regimes collapsed onto the latter. The reason for this behavior, we believe, is related to the distortion of the field lines around metallic (conducting) versus ceramic (insulating) particles during deposition. 

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