Mimusops

The hard thermoplastic hydrocarbon obtained from the latex of Mimusops globosa. Balata has the same molecular formula as natural rubber (C5H8)n but has the tram polyisoprene structure whereas natural rubber has c/ s-structure. 

Several naturally occurring triterpenes have been reported to show anti-HIV activity, e.g. betulinic acid, platanic acid, glycyrrhizin, mimusopic acid, gano-deriol and geumonoid.16 20 These active compounds hold the potential to serve as hits or leads for anti-HIV drug development.21,22 The focus of this chapter is bevirimat, the first in a new class of compounds termed HIV maturation inhibitors (Mis). Our discussion covers modification, structure-activity relationship (SAR), mechanism of action studies and clinical trials of bevirimat. 

Quercitol (= Acorn sugar 2-Deoxy-D-chiro-inositol) (cyclitol) Quercus robur (oak) (Fagaceae) [acorn], Chamaerops humilis (Palmae) [leaf], Mimusops elengii (Sapotaceae) Sweet... 

Sahu, N. P. Triterpenoid saponins of Mimusops elengi. Phytochem., 1996, 41 883-886. 

Mimusops zeyheri Sond. [umkhamamasi, Transvaal red milkwood] (Sapotaceae) stem bark concoction is used for ulcers and wounds 12). Its frait is edible 23). 

Balata tree, Mimusops Balata, have achieved economic importance or are considered as resources for natural mbber as a renewable polymer. Chemically, natural rubbers are polyterpenes consisting of 1,4-c -(mbber) or 1,4-frans-(gutta-percha, balata) polyisoprene, generated by enzymatically catalyzed biosynthetic polymerization of isoprene, and stabilized by phospholipids. 

Sahu NP, Koike K, Jia Z, Nikaido T (1995) Novel Triterpenoid Saponins from Mimusops elengi. Tetrahedron 51 13435... 

Two new pentacyclic triterpene acids, mimusopic acid (18) and mimusopsic acid (19) possessing the novel migrated oleanane skeleton, mimusopane (21) have recently been isolated from the acid hydrolysate of the MeOH extract of the seeds of the plant [39]. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. 

Scheme 3. Mechanism of formation of mimusopic acid (18) and mimusopsic acid (19) from basic acid (17).

Balata. A gutta-percha-like tough, hard, poorly elastic polyisoprene (structure see under natural rubber) obtained from the resin-rich milk of wild-growing tropical trees (Mimusops balata, Sapotaceae) in Venezuela and Brazil. 

Fig. 1. Chromatogram of fresh Mimusop elengi flower. GC system Column TR-5 (5%phenyl-95%dimethylpolysiloxane), 30m, 0.25 am, 0.25 mm ID Oven temperature program 60 °C to 180 C at 3 °C.min-i, to 280°C.min-i at 10 °C.min-i (hold 5 min) Run time 55.00 min Carrier gas flow rate (Helium) 1 ml/min Transfer line temperature (Interface temp.) 275 °C Ion source 220 C. Scan mode full scan 35-650 m/z Scan rate 2000amu/s Solvent delay time 3min. Instrument TraceGC ultra. Model K05200B20000070, Italy/MS Model TraceDSQ,USA Software Xcalibur 1.4 Library NIST MS Search...

Fig. 2. Chromatogram of dried Mimusop elengi flowers. System was the same as described in Figl.

Table 1. Volatile constituents in fresh and dried Mimusop elengi...

Aromdee et al quantitatively determined the benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol and methylparaben which are beheved to be preservatives for preparations containing dried mimusop s flowers. M. elengi flowers was extracted with ether and concentrated under the... 

Gas chromatography is very useful for the determination of complex mixtures of analytes. The detectors employed for the qualitative analysis is a mass spectrometer. Whereas the quantitative analysis, both detectors are useful. Factors affect the separation are the typ>e of the column, temperature programming of the column oven, meanwhile sensitivity is mostly depended on detector as well as the isolation and injection method of the volatile constituents. In qualitative analysis of volatile oil in herbal drugs, a GC-MS is required and LRI of the constituents have to be determined. For quantitative determination both GC-MS and GG-FID are applicable but FID is more economical. Separation of the volatile oils from herbs, steam distilled is still the method of choice for conventional method. Headspace is now widely available and convenient. In this chapter, examples of both qualitative and quantitative analysis of Mimusop elengi flowers and rhizomes of Curcuma spp. were illustrated in details. 

Aromdee, C. Rattanandon, B. (2009) Quantitative analysis of some volatile components in Mimusops elengi L. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology Vol.31, No.3, pp. 285-288... 

Ketone [638-97-1]. 12-Oleanen-3-one. fi-Amyrone. Constit. of Mimusops globosa. Cryst. (MeOH). Mp 177-179°. [a]o +107.2° (CHCI3). 

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