Microfluidic fuel cell example

An application of microfluidic reactors is the development of a membraneless fuel cell. Two streams, one containing a fuel such as methanol, the other an oxygen-saturated acid or alkaline stream, are merged without mixing. The laminar flow pattern in the narrow channel helps to maintain separate streams without the use of membrane separators. Opposite walls function as the electrodes and are doped with catalyst. Ion exchange, protons for the add system, takes place through the liquid-liquid interface. This is an example of a solid-liquid-liquid-solid multiphase reactor. ... 

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