Microbial attachment electrostatic interactions

G. Electrostatic Contribution to Adhesion. Surface free energies describe adhesion phenomena once molecular contact has been achieved between the adhering phases. For a cell to come from a distance into molecular contact with a surface requires consideration of long-range forces which influence approach. Two factors are of prime importance to the attachment of microbial cells to solid surfaces 1) electrostatic interactions and 2) fine surface projections. 

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