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Metabolic glucose transporter gene

Fig. 4.22. Hypoxia-mediated metabolic adaptation for energy preservation. Activation of genes for glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1 = 1) and glycolytic enzymes yields an increased glycolytic rate. H -ions produced are preferentially exported via a Na /H -antiporter (NHE-1 = 3) and a lactate /H -symporter (monocarboxylate transporter MCT-1 = 2) leading to a drop in extracellular pH (pH.). Low extracellular pH activates the membrane-bound ectoenzyme carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX = 4). Key mechanism regulating intracellular pH in tumor cells when protons are produced is also shown (Na -depen-dent HCOs" /CL -exchanger = 5). HIF-Ia = hypoxia-inducible factor la, PHDs = prolyl hydroxylases, FIH = asparagyl hydroxylase, lac" = lactic acid... Fig. 4.22. Hypoxia-mediated metabolic adaptation for energy preservation. Activation of genes for glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1 = 1) and glycolytic enzymes yields an increased glycolytic rate. H -ions produced are preferentially exported via a Na /H -antiporter (NHE-1 = 3) and a lactate /H -symporter (monocarboxylate transporter MCT-1 = 2) leading to a drop in extracellular pH (pH.). Low extracellular pH activates the membrane-bound ectoenzyme carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX = 4). Key mechanism regulating intracellular pH in tumor cells when protons are produced is also shown (Na -depen-dent HCOs" /CL -exchanger = 5). HIF-Ia = hypoxia-inducible factor la, PHDs = prolyl hydroxylases, FIH = asparagyl hydroxylase, lac" = lactic acid...
Diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes is characterized by an increased metabolism of fatty acids due to reduced glucose utilization. Mutation of thiamine transporter gene SLC19A2 is linked to type 2 DM. [Pg.621]

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.449 ]



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