Medical and Biomedical Applications

U.E. Spichinger-Keller, Chemical Sensors and Biosensors for Medical and Biomedical Applications, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998. 

For medical and biomedical applications, a pTAS has to be designed considering property of the sample fluid especially in whole blood analysis. Prototypes of... 

T. V. Samulski, Fiberoptic Thermometry Medical and Biomedical Applications, in Temperature Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry, vol. 6, pt. 2, pp. 1185-1189, American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992. 

Koryta J (1980) Medical and Biomedical Applications of Electrochemical Devices. Chichester Wiley. 

BD Ratner, AS Hoffman. Synthetic hydrogels for biomedical applications. In JD Andrade, ed. Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications. ACS Symp Ser 31. New York American Chemical Society, 1976, pp 1-36. 

Ratner, B. D. and Hoffman, A. S., Synthetic Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications, in Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications (Andrade, Ed.), pp. 1-36. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. (1976). 

Morf and W. Simon, Liquid membrane ion-selective electrodes and their biomedical applications. Chapter 2 of Medical and Biological Applications of Electrochemical Devices (ed. J. Koryta), John Wiley Sons, Chichester (1980). MS - mixed solution technique, SS - separate solution technique symbols for ion-exchanging ions from table 7.1. 

In addition to the term MEMS, categories like microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS), radio-frequency MEMS (RF-MEMS), and MEMS for medical or biomedical application (BioMEMS) have been established. The market for microfabricated devices is still in its infancy and is growing with rates comparable to the first years of microelectronics. According to one market research report, the sales of microfabricated systems was 12 billion in 2004 and is expected to grow with a CAGR of 16% to 25 billion in 2009 [6]. Recent extensions of fields of application are consumer, entertainment, and homeland security. Upcoming new devices are MEMS microphones, microenergy sources, micropumps, chip coolers, and micromachined wafer probes, and this will definitely not be the end of new developments. 

Lit. Franz (ed.), Advances in Lectin Research (5 vols.), Berlin Springer 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, Wiesb en Ullstein Medical 1992 Sharon and Lis, Lectins, London Chapman Hall 1989 Van Damme et al.. Handbook of Plant Lectins Properties and Biomedical Applications, New York Wiley 1998. 

The aim of this chapter is to give a brief selective overview of typical biomedical areas where cationic polymers can be employed. The use of cationic polymers in tissue engineering is a high priority topic in this chapter and several aspects on this phenomenon are given related to this is the potential of cationic hydrogels for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The importance of cationic polymers and copolymers as non-viral vectors in gene therapy is described, as well as how micelles and vesicles based on cationic polypeptides can form nanostructures by self-assembly. The potential of cationic polymers for drug delivery applications is also elucidated. 

In the paragraph above, we have discussed hydrogels of chitosan and cationic hybrid gels, based on chitosan, with potential for biomedical applications. However, there are also other cationic hydrogels that can be useful for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Jia et al. designed a... 

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