Mediators, electron transfer bridges between electrode surface

An area currently very active in electrochemical research deals with the design, fabrication and applications of chemically modified electrodes (CME s). The attractiveness of CME s stems from their potential to replace precious metals such as Pt in electrocatalysis for energy production (1-9), energy storage (10-13), electrosynthesis (14-19), electroanalysis (20-28), and other purposes (29-31). One approach has been to "immobilize", either by covalent attachment, strong adsorption or incorporation into polymeric structures, electrochemically active molecules, called mediators, which act as electron transfer bridges between the electrode surface and the solution species. It has been... 

The phenomenon of ligand bridging between redox centres in homogeneous electron transfer reactions is well established. It has now been shown that such ligands may adsorb on to the electrode surface and mediate electron transfer to or from the electrode from some oxidizable or reducible species in solution. 

---