Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Substitutions Under Phase Transfer Conditions

2 Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Substitutions Under Phase Transfer Conditions 

The commonly used quaternary onium salts work by associating with the inorganic anion and transferring it into the organic phase. Complexing agents such 

The predominant mechanism in any particular system will be controlled by the lipophilicity of the catalyst, and by the polarity of the organic phase. 

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