Measurements of Spherical Aberration

The transverse spherical aberration of a microlens was calculated from Equation (2.15) to Equation (2.17) as plotted in Eigure 2.15. The diameter of the microlens was a constant 2.4 mm. The focal length/varied from 8.9 to 80 mm. The corresponding incident angle 9 calculated from the focal length 

Liqviid molecvdes exhibiting cohesive forces from neighboring molecules. A is attracted equally in every direction, resulting in a net force of 0. B and C are subject to net forces pulling them inward toward the bulk of the liquid. 

Normally the spherical aberrations from normalized light intensities are defined as the full width at half maximum (FWHM). In order to compare with the calculated transverse spherical aberrations, however, we defined the spherical aberrations from the normalized light intensities as the width at minimum. The spherical aberrations at focal lengths of 25,41, and 71 mm were 58, 166, and 290 pm, respectively. The spherical aberrations from the normalized light intensities had a good match with the result calculated from Equation (2.15) to Equation (2.17). 

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