Mass transfer modeling nanofiltration

Concerning mass transfer modeling across nanofiltration membranes, the transport mechanisms occiuring are convection, diiiusion, and electromigration (when the solutes are charged). Taking into account the polarization concentration phenomenon, which can occm dming the filtration operation (and thus the increase of the concentration at the membrane interface C ), the solute real retention (l reai) can be calculated from the observed retention by ... 

The use of film theory to describe solution mass transfer phenomena in pressure-driven membrane processes has a proven track record for aqueous systems. Under the flow conditions encountered in nanofiltration, the simplified film theory description of mass transfer has an accuracy close to solutions obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling (Zydney, 1997). The film theory, for component i, gives, for the total volumetric flux [see Peeva et al. (2004) for details] ... 

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