Luminescence activators, doped semiconductor

Several examples have been reported recently of solution-processed multilayer electroluminescence devices incorporating semiconductor nanocrystals as the active recombination centers (16-18, 164). Recently, attention has also turned to hybrid electroluminescent devices involving transition metal-doped nanocrystals (104, 165-167). Although many challenges remain, including more specific exploitation of the dopants in many cases, the devices demonstrated to date represent a new direction in application of doped semiconductor nanocrystals made possible by the compatibility of these luminescent nanocrystals with solution processing methodologies. 

Luminescence of Eu has not been detected in natural samples yet, but is well studied in artificially activated Zr02 (Gutzov et al. 1998 Gedanken et al. 2000 Reisfeld et al. 2000). The main emission occurs between the Dq level to the Fj multiplet with a decay time of approximately 0.5 ms (Eig. 5.13). The luminescence intensity is relatively weak, but may b e substantially increased by co-doping with nanoparticles of semiconductors, such as CdS. The origin of the... 

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