LSGM-based electrolytes doping

Lanthanum gallate (LaGaOs) is doped with divalent metal ions [e.g., strontium and/or magnesium Lai t Sr cMg Gai-3,03 (LSGM) usually, x andy have values between 0 and 1]. Unlike ceria-based electrolytes, this electrolyte can also be used at low oxygen partial pressures without the menace of developing electronic conduction. When in contact with cathodes of the LSM type, some diffusion of manganese and/or cobalt from the cathode into the electrolyte is possible, but this has little effect on fuel cell performance. One defect of this electrolyte material is its complicated preparation. 

An alternative approach to reduce the operating temperature is to use new electrolyte materials such as scandium doped zirconia (SeSZ), and rare earth doped ceria (RDC) which have the fluorite type stmeture, or lanthanum gallate based oxides such as (La,Sr)(Ga,Mg)03 (LSGM) with perovskite stmeture, all of which have higher ionic conductivities than YSZ. An 1 kW class SOFC stack with (La,Sr)(Ga,Mg,Co)03 electrolyte was demonstrated by the collaboration of Mitsubishi Materials Corp. and The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. in 2001,... 

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