Lower-energy

To arrive at the electronic configuration of an atom the appropriate number of electrons are placed in the orbitals in order of energy, the orbitals of lower energy being filled first (Aufbau principle ), subject to the proviso that for a set of equivalent orbitals - say the three p orbitals in a set - the electrons are placed one... 

Finally, similar effects can be seen in miscible polymer blends where the surface tension correlates with the enrichment of the lower-energy component at the surface as monitored by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy [104],... 

These methods try to bracket the transition state from both the reactant and the product side [72, 73]. For example, in the method of Dewar etal [73], two stmctiires, one in the reactant valley and one hi the product valley, are optimized simultaneously. The lower-energy stmcture is moved to reduce the distance separating the two stmctures by a small amount, e.g. by 10%, and its stmcture is reoptimized under the constraint that the distance is fixed. This process is repeated until the distance between the two stmctures is sufficiently small. 

Figure C3.5.2. VER transitions involved in the decay of vibration Q by cubic and quartic anhannonic coupling (from [M])- Transitions involving discrete vibrations are represented by arrows. Transitions involving phonons (continuous energy states) are represented by wiggly arrows. In (a), the transition denoted (i) is the ladder down-conversion process, where D is annihilated and a lower-energy vibration cu and a phonon co are created.

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