Loss mechanisms polarization coupling

The mechanism of the reaction appears to involve initial formatioa a triorganocopper intermediate, followed by coupling and loss of RGu. coupling is not a typical polar nucleophilic substitution reaction of the considered in the next chapter. 

Thus far we have discussed the direct mechanism of dissipation, when the reaction coordinate is coupled directly to the continuous spectrum of the bath degrees of freedom. For chemical reactions this situation is rather rare, since low-frequency acoustic phonon modes have much larger wavelengths than the size of the reaction complex, and so they cannot cause a considerable relative displacement of the reactants. The direct mechanism may play an essential role in long-distance electron transfer in dielectric media, when the reorganization energy is created by displacement of equilibrium positions of low-frequency polarization phonons. Another cause of friction may be anharmonicity of solids which leads to multiphonon processes. In particular, the Raman processes may provide small energy losses. 

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