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LOAEL for

The RfD is derived from the NOAEL (or LOAEL) for the critical toxic effect by consistent application of uncertainty factors (UFs) and a modifying factor (ME). The uncertainty factors generally consist of multiples of 10 (although values less than 10 are sometimes used), with each factor representing a specific area of uncertainty inherent in the extrapolation from the available data. The bases for application of different uncertainty factors are explained below. [Pg.329]

LOAEL for less serious effects (animals) O NOAEL (animals)... [Pg.38]

A LOAEL for less serious effect (humans) A NOAEL (humans)... [Pg.38]

The highest NOAEL and all reliable LOAELs for each species, duration, and end point for systemic effects following oral exposure are recorded in Table 2-2 and plotted in Figure 2-2. [Pg.63]

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