Cytochrome P450 liver enzymes

Shimada, T., Yamazaki, H., Mumura, M., Inui, Y., Guengerich, F. P., Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and Caucasians, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Then 1994, 270, 414-423. 

N. Yumibe, K. Huie, K. J. Chen, M. Snow, R. P. Clement, M. N. Cayen, Identification of Human Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes That Metabobze the Nonsedating Antihistamine Loratadine , Biochem. Pharmacol. 1995, 51, 163- 172. 

For example, studies on liver cytochrome P450 enzymes would be performed to determine whether the drug of interest is likely to be a substrate or inhibitor of these enzymes or to interfere with the metabolism of other drugs. Effects on cardiac ion channels such as the hERG potassium channel, possibly predictive of life-threatening arrhythmias, are considered. 

Yumibe N, Huie K, Chen KJ, et al. Identification of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize the nonsedating antihistamine loratadine formation of descarboethoxyloratadine by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Biochem Pharmacol 1996 ... 

Alveoli highly permeable to many biologies most small molecules and many macromolecules capable of absorption throughout the respiratory tract Relatively rapid, first-order absorption Much less first-pass metabolism and degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and liver Cytochrome P450 enzyme concentration in human lungs <0.7% that of liver... 

Shimada T, Yamazaki H, Minura M, et al. 1994. Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs,... 

Ghosal, A. et al., Identification of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in biotransformation of vicriviroc, a CCR5 receptor antagonist, Drug Metab. Dispos., 35(12), 2186, 2007. 

Hormonal Regulation of Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes... 

Yamazaki, H. and T. Shimada (1997). Human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the 7-hydroxylation of R- and 5-warfarin enantiomers. Biochem. Pharmacol. 54, 1195-1203. 

Waxman, D.J. andT.K.H. Chang (1995). Hormonal regulation of liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. In P.R. Ortiz de Montellano (ed.), Cytochrome P450 Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 391-418. 

Yun CH, Shimada T, Guengerich FP. 1992. Contributions of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes to the N-oxidation of 4,4 -methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline). Carcinogenesis 13 217-222. 

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