Livens Projector Battery

Fig- 2 -9. A battery of dug-in Livens projectors, with one gas shell and its propellant charge shown in the foreground. Electrically controlled salvo firing was the usual mode of operation. Emplacement was a slow process, and it limited the surprise factor for attack. Photograph Chemical and Biological Defense Command Historical Research and Response Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. 

Being electrically fired, a battery of Livens projectors required extensive preparation and could not be moved once set up. Normally, a battery could only be emplaced and fired once a day. This limited mobility required the element of surprise to prevent the Germans from taking counter actions. 

Battery of Livens Projectors at Hanlon experimental testing field near Chau-mont, Prance, 1918. 

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