List of Substances with a General Overview

List of Substances with a General Overview of Prehospital Treatment and Specific Antidotes for Poisoning and Overdose 

Substance Toxicity Presentation Prehospital Pearls Antidote 

Acetaminophen N, V, Pallor, tachycardia, RUQ pain Symptomatic/supportive / acetylcysteine (Acetadote) w/in 8 h 

Anticholinergics Red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, S/Sxs opposite of SLUDGE Symptomatic/supportive, can be caused by medications or certain natural substances (ie, jimsonweed) Physostigmine 

Antifreeze (ethylene N, V, AMS, lethargy metabolic Airway management key Fomepizole, ethanol, 

Garlic smell (breath, tissues), N/V/severe D, dehydration, cardiac arrhythmias, 

hyperventilation, noncardiac pulm edema, tinnitus, tachycardia, hypotension, tremors, blurred vision 

Symptomatic/supportive, can be caused by medications or certain natural substances (ie, jimsonweed) 

Airway management key due to risk of aspiration, determine blood glucose level 

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