Liquid Hold-Up at Flooding Point

The parameter m depends to a small extend on the liquid flow and the phase flow ratio at the flooding point Xo, see Eqs. (2-43) and (2-44). 

The flow of gas as well as liquid in packed columns containing large random and structured packings is usually turbulent at the operating point below the flooding point. In this range, the viscosity forces acting on the liquid, which occurs in the form of films. 

These correlations are described by the equations for calculating the pressure drop Ap/H, developed in this work. It has proved useful to describe the pressure drop Ap/H of irrigated packings in relation to the following individual ranges  

The ranges al and a2 are very significant for the design of vacuum and normal pressure distillation columns as well as for most cases of application in gas absorption with packing elements of d 0.025. 100 m, which are commonly used for the separation of low-viscosity mixtures. 

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F1 3 —3 mm liquid hold-up at flooding point, based on free column volume... 

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