Liquid clathrates synthesis

Sangokoya, S.A. Robinson, G.H. Reaction of trimethyl-aluminum with selenium tetrachloride. Synthesis of [(CH3)3Se][ClAl(CH3)2(Cl)Al(CH3)3]. The first selenium-based liquid clathrate. J. Inch Phenom. Mol. Recognit. Chem. 1990. 9. 85-88. 

K. D. Atwood, J.L. Synthesis and x-ray structure of [H30 - 18-crown-6][l7 ]. A new infinite sawhorse geometry for l7 crystallized from a liquid clathrate medium. Inorg. Chem. 1995. 34. 5395-5396. 

MacGillivray, L.R. Atwood. J.L. Insight into the mechanism of the protonation of cry ptand 222 within a liquid clathrate medium Synthesis and x-ray crystal structure of [H30][222-2H][(CoCl3)2( x-Cl)]. Chem. Commun. 1996. 

Cram [49a] elaborated further on this concept by enclosing space in his carcerands and hemicarcerands (See Scheme 1) to form a new inner phase which he has referred to as a new phase of matter . In contrast to the hollow space found inside clathrates and zeolites for instance, the cages of these molecules are independent of the form and physical state. For example, hemicarcerands and related supramolecular systems (i.e. hemicarceplexes) prevail in the solid, liquid, or gas phase. This characteristic-hollow space, the inside surface — is maintained across all phase transitions. The inner surfaces and spaces of these systems are not manifested as bulk properties. An extensive review on the synthesis of these materials has been published recently [205]. 

Paradoxically, liquid tin itself may cause difficulties if in the course of reaction it becomes covered by a solid intermediate. The situation gets worse if two liquids appear under synthetic conditions as in the case of Sn and In. The synthesis of the clathrates in the Sn-In-As-I system was always incomplete if elemental tin and... 

Biomaterials, Synthesis, Eabrication, and Applications Biopolymers Bioreactors Electrophoresis Inclusion (Clathrate) Compounds Liquid Chromatography Mammalian Cell Cul-... 

---